When you’re dealing with scrap metal regularly – whether on-site or at a workshop – knowing what you’re working with can help boost profits. One of the most valuable skills? Knowing the difference between ferrous and non-ferrous metals.
In this guide, we’ll break down exactly how to identify non-ferrous metals, why it matters and how it benefits both your bottom line and the environment.
Why Does It Matter?
Non-ferrous metals such as copper, aluminium and brass are typically more valuable than their ferrous counterparts. They don’t rust, they’re lighter, and they’re essential in everything from electrical work to plumbing and construction.
Getting this right means:
- Better scrap separation
- Higher payouts from recyclers
- Less waste heading to landfills
- A cleaner, more efficient job on-site
What Are Non-Ferrous Metals?
To put it simply, non-ferrous metals contain little to no iron; they’re more resistant to corrosion and are non-magnetic.
Some of the most common metals electricians and contractors may come across include:
Each has its characteristics, and knowing what you’ve got makes all the difference.
Quick Ways to Identify Non-Ferrous Metals
1. Use a Magnet
This is the fastest way to separate the two:
- If it’s magnetic, it’s ferrous
- If it’s non-magnetic, it’s likely non-ferrous
Keep in mind that some stainless steels and exotic alloys may behave differently; however, as a general rule, this approach works.
2. Check the Weight
Pick up a piece. Is it lighter than it looks? It might be aluminium. Surprisingly heavy? Possibly lead.
Use your experience and a set of scales to be more precise, but remember non-ferrous weights vary.
3. Check for Rust
Non-ferrous metals don’t rust, although they can oxidise.
- When oxidised, copper turns green (patina)
- Aluminium gets dull
- Brass can tarnish
If it’s covered in rust, you’re likely dealing with an iron-based metal.
Why Non-Ferrous Metals Matter to the Environment
Recycling non-ferrous metals is a huge benefit to the planet. Not only do you conserve natural resources by reducing the need to extract new metals from ore, but you also cut carbon emissions. For example, recycled aluminium uses 95% less energy than producing new raw material. Furthermore, you also reduce landfill waste, helping to keep harmful material out of our soil and water.
Common Places to Find Non-Ferrous Metals
Looking to maximise profits? Well, keep an eye out for non-ferrous metals in:
- Old electrical cables and wires
- Copper piping
- Aluminium frames or ducting
- Brass fittings, for example, on plumbing pipes
- Lead flashing or batteries
Start Separating Smarter
Knowing how to identify non-ferrous metals is more than just a useful trick – it’s a smart business move that helps you earn more, waste less and do your bit for the environment.
Ready to get sorted?
